نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد و عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران
2 دبیر فلسفه و منطق شاغل در آموزش و پرورش بندپی شرقی(بابل) و دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهیدرجایی تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
One of the most common consequences of relativism in epistemology is relativity of culture. According to this theory, the value of one cultural parameter is only understandable in one special cultural field. There are three main accounts for relativism: conceptual relativism, ideological relativism and value-normative relativism. The different accounts of relativism can be evaluated through natural (or innate) epistemology and anthropology. The accounts of relativism have incorrect epistemological bases in the subject of truth such as skepticism or coherency or… and have a methodological mistake based on the confusion of the sociological descriptive view and the philosophical analytical view. Emphasizing on nature, both the cognitive foundationalism which is based on self-evident truths in cognition can be defended – which says the criterion of truth is correspondence and defends a kind of realism – and a kind of ethical foundationalism which is based on the self-evident statements of ethics can be defended which rationally justifies and explains the cognitive-ethical common traits of societies and the different cultures. Some of the factors which prepare the situation for the concordance of human societies and challenges cultural relativism are historical continuity and geographical expansion of the universal cultural parameters such as truth, spirituality, justice and freedom, regardless of their different forms based on human nature.
کلیدواژهها [English]