Qabasat

Qabasat

تحلیل انتقادی احتجاب معرفتی الهی در روایات امامیه در اندیشه قاضی‌سعید قمی

Document Type : Original Article

Author
استادیار و عضو پژوهشگاه بین المللی المصطفی
10.22034/qabasat.2026.2061328.2413
Abstract
مسأله «احتجاب الهی» به‌مثابه یکی از مهمترین چالش‌های الهیاتی عصر حاضر در حوزه خداباوری و الحاد، از گذشته دور در روایات امامیه و دانش‌های اسلامی به‌ویژه تفسیر، فلسفه و عرفان اسلامی مطرح بوده است. پرسش اصلی جستار حاضر این است که قاضی‌سعید قمی (1043-1103ق)، حکیم و عارف برجسته شیعی در عصر صفوی، روایات ناظر به احتجاب معرفتی الهی را چگونه تفسیر می‌کند و تحلیل انتقادی دیدگاه وی چگونه است؟ پژوهه حاضر با درک اهمیت و ضرورت این مسأله و نقش آن در موجه‌سازی خداناباوری در سایه برهان «اختفای خدا» در الهیات مدرن، و با هدف بازخوانی این آموزه در فرهنگ روایات امامیه و اندیشه‌های قاضی‌سعید قمی، می‌کوشد با رویکرد تحلیلی- انتقادی، به بررسی تفسیر این روایات در اندیشه قاضی‌سعید قمی بپردازد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که قاضی‌سعید، هرچند احتجاب معرفتیِ حقی را نفی می‌کند، اما در ساحت احتجاب معرفتیِ خلقی، نه‌تنها احتجاب حسی، بلکه احتجاب عقلی و شهودیِ حق تعالی را می‌پذیرد. با این‌ همه، بررسی انتقادی دیدگاه وی حاکی از آن است که نظام معرفت‌شناختی او از انسجام و استحکام کافی برخوردار نیست و نه تنها براهین او از اثبات مدعایش ناتوان است، دیدگاه‌های وی از ناسازگاری درونی نیز رنج می‌برد.
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