Social monotheism" is a recent, new term that arose from the thought of modern-minded Muslims and social reformers, and the necessary knowledge about it has not yet been produced, therefore it is necessary to explain its nature and provide its definition. The importance of dealing with social monotheism, on the one hand, in its special place in the "social theology" and on the other hand, in the dominance of social dignity over the individual dimension of humans in today's world, is the void of a general plan for life based on the teachings of revelation and the need to respond to the emerging needs of Islamic societies which are often concerned with emerging social issues. Therefore, in the present article, an attempt is made to clarify the nature and definition of "social monotheism" by descriptive-analytical method and using library sources. The findings of the article show that "social monotheism" which is defined as a subcategory of "social theology", is the epistemic and cognitive dimensions of monotheism in the macro structure of society, which is revealed by reading "theological monotheism" with a social approach. In this social approach, monotheism, in addition to the belief aspect, is understood as a redemptive, practical, transformational plan, model and general vision that has an impact on all aspects of human life and human societies. The requirement of this understanding of monotheism is the absolute sovereignty of God, not being satisfied with the existing situation and trying to bring the society to the main goal of creation and finally realizing the monotheistic society.