Associate Professor at “The logic of understanding religion Department” in Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought (iict).
020106
Abstract
Studying the relation between religion, morality and spirituality is an important issue in religious studies and ethics. It, also has followed several disputes between thinkers through human history of thinking. In the contemporary era, regarding several changes in western societies, the subject has survived stronger, and had some recent ideas being appeared. Some of the ideas, which seems to lead to a misgiving about religion and its function, is the idea of contradiction between morality and religion. This issue is to study and evaluate this idea as suggested by Nietzsche, Rachels and Hospers. The conclusion is that it is nether compatible with moral teachings of religion, nor with religious or moral conduct. Regarding the first era, it seems that morality is an unseparable part of religion. Regarding the second also, they are so associated that separation of moralities from religion makes it very limited, unsubstantial, with very week motivation power.
Bartley, W; Warren, Morality and Religion; Macmillan St. Martin’s Press, 1971.
Berg, J; “How Could Ethics Depend on Religion” in: A Companion to Ethics; ed. Peter Singer, Blackwell, 1991.
Hospers, J; An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis; Second Edition, Routledge, and Kegan Paul LTD. London, E. C. 4, 1967.
Kant, Immanuel; Groundwork of Metaphysic of Morals; H. J. paton, 1967, pp.53-123, in: The Moral Law; London, Hutchinson university Library, 1972.
Quinn, Ph. L; “Divine Commands and Moral Requirements”, the Philosophical Review; Vol. 89, No. 4, (3 pages), Published By: Duke University Press, Oct., 1980, pp. 637-639.
Rachels, J; “Can Ethics provide Answers”, God and Moral Autonomy; London, 1997.
_____; “God and Human Attitudes”, Religious Studies; Vol.7, No.4, Dec, 1971, pp.325-337.