نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
One of the most pressing issues in the contemporary world is inequality. The central question of this article is: what are the causes of inequality, and how can such inequalities be remedied? Thomas Nagel, a major contributor to this debate, classifies the causes into four salient categories: discrimination, class, talent, and effort. In the first step, the paper offers a careful analysis of these four causes. In the second step, drawing on Rawls’s theory of justice, it proposes a remedy for each: the principle of equal basic liberties to address inequalities rooted in discrimination; the principle of fair equality of opportunity to mitigate inequalities stemming from class; and the difference principle to handle inequalities traceable to native talent and individual effort. In dialogue with Islamic thought—particularly the ideas of Morteza Motahhari—the paper also introduces a critical alternative perspective: while acknowledging natural differences and distinguishing them from social inequalities, Motahhari rejects absolute egalitarianism and, with respect to social inequalities, recommends the redistribution of benefits and burdens.
کلیدواژهها English
