Scientific theology is one of the new trends in Christian theology, which believes that the only way out of theological challenges is to get help from science. British theologian and biochemist Arthur Peacocke is one of the thinkers who presented a plan for scientific theology, and the main issue of this paper is what are the characteristics of scientific theology from his point of view and what are the criticisms of it. To answer this problem, the descriptive-analytical method is used and the purpose of such discussions is to be able to benefit from the experiences that Christian theologians have had against new theological challenges. Referring to Peacocke’s works makes it clear that his scientific theology is mainly based on scientific findings and from his point of view, theological beliefs should be reviewed in the light of scientific findings. He also uses the inference of the best explanation as a method and realism as the basis of science in theology to reach intersubjective and scientific theology. One of the problems of Peacocke's scientific theology is that scientific findings are not certain and stable, and tying theology to them will result in fleeting theology, which will not be desirable. This problem is even related to the use of reasoning and scientific basis.